Understanding Earthquake-Related Vertigo (เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

By Kartika

Mar 28, 2025

In Health & Wellness

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Earthquakes, powerful natural phenomena, can cause a range of physical and psychological effects. Beyond the immediate destruction and fear, many individuals experience a disturbing sensation known as earthquake-related vertigo, or "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว" in Thai. This article will delve into the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and management of this often-overlooked consequence of seismic activity. We will explore the science behind this phenomenon, differentiate it from other forms of dizziness, and provide practical advice on how to cope with the unsettling feeling of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว."

What is Earthquake-Related Vertigo? Exploring the "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว" Phenomenon

Earthquake-related vertigo is the sensation of spinning or dizziness that occurs during or, more commonly, after an earthquake. It's not the feeling of being physically unstable due to the ground shaking; rather, it's an illusion of movement even when standing still. This sensation can range from mild lightheadedness to severe, debilitating dizziness that significantly impacts daily life. The "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว" experience is often attributed to the disruption of the inner ear's balance system or psychological factors induced by the traumatic event.

The term "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว" perfectly captures the localized understanding of this condition in Thai. It goes beyond simply feeling "dizzy" and acknowledges the specific trigger: the earthquake. Recognizing this specific trigger is crucial for both diagnosis and treatment.

The Science Behind the Spin: Causes of Vertigo After an Earthquake

Several factors contribute to the experience of vertigo following an earthquake. Understanding these mechanisms is key to managing and alleviating the symptoms of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว."

• Inner Ear Disturbance (Vestibular System): The inner ear houses the vestibular system, which is responsible for maintaining balance. This system relies on fluid-filled canals and tiny hair cells that detect movement. An earthquake's vibrations can disrupt the fluid within these canals, sending incorrect signals to the brain and causing the sensation of vertigo. Think of it like sloshing water in a cup – the sudden movement throws off the equilibrium. This physical disruption is a primary cause of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว".

• Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR) Imbalance: The VOR coordinates eye movements with head movements to maintain a stable visual field. An earthquake can temporarily disrupt this reflex, leading to blurred vision and dizziness, contributing to the feeling of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว." This reflex disruption compounds the inner ear disturbance.

• Psychological Factors (Post-Traumatic Vertigo): The trauma and stress associated with experiencing an earthquake can also trigger vertigo. Anxiety, fear, and even post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can manifest as physical symptoms, including dizziness and the illusion of movement. The psychological impact of the earthquake can significantly exacerbate or even be the primary cause of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว". This is particularly true for individuals who have experienced significant loss or displacement due to the quake.

• Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) Trigger: While not directly caused by the earthquake, the shaking and jolting can dislodge calcium carbonate crystals (otoconia) in the inner ear, leading to BPPV. This condition causes brief episodes of intense vertigo triggered by specific head movements. The physical jarring during the earthquake can be the catalyst for triggering pre-existing vulnerabilities. Therefore, it's important to consider BPPV as a potential factor contributing to "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว".

• Cervicogenic Dizziness: Neck injuries or muscle strain sustained during the earthquake (e.g., from bracing yourself during the shaking) can lead to cervicogenic dizziness. This type of dizziness arises from problems in the neck that affect balance and spatial orientation. The muscle tension can refer pain and affect the equilibrium.

Symptoms of เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว: Recognizing the Signs

The symptoms of earthquake-related vertigo can vary in intensity and duration. Recognizing these symptoms is the first step toward seeking appropriate treatment. Common symptoms include:

• Spinning Sensation (Vertigo): The feeling that you or your surroundings are moving or rotating. This is the hallmark symptom of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว."

• Lightheadedness: A feeling of faintness or being about to pass out.

• Imbalance: Difficulty maintaining balance and coordination. Stumbling or feeling unsteady on your feet.

• Nausea and Vomiting: These are common accompanying symptoms, particularly with severe vertigo.

• Blurred Vision: Difficulty focusing your eyes. The VOR disruption contributes to this.

• Headaches: Tension headaches or migraines can be triggered by the stress and physical strain.

• Anxiety and Panic: Feelings of fear, nervousness, and panic attacks. This can exacerbate the vertigo. The psychological component of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว" is often underestimated.

• Sensitivity to Motion: Feeling dizzy or nauseous when exposed to movement, such as riding in a car or watching a moving object.

• Fatigue: Feeling tired and drained, even after resting.

Diagnosis and Evaluation: Pinpointing the Cause of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว"

Diagnosing earthquake-related vertigo involves a thorough medical evaluation to rule out other potential causes of dizziness and determine the underlying mechanism. The diagnostic process may include:

• Medical History: The doctor will ask about your symptoms, when they started, and any other relevant medical conditions or medications. Mentioning the recent earthquake is crucial for diagnosis of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว."

• Physical Examination: A general physical exam to assess your overall health.

• Neurological Examination: This evaluates your balance, coordination, reflexes, and cranial nerve function.

• Vestibular Testing: These tests assess the function of the inner ear and balance system. Common tests include:

  • Dix-Hallpike Maneuver: To diagnose BPPV.
  • Electronystagmography (ENG): Measures eye movements to assess inner ear function.
  • Videonystagmography (VNG): A more advanced version of ENG.
  • Rotary Chair Testing: Evaluates the vestibular system's response to rotation.
  • Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (VEMPs): Assess the function of specific parts of the inner ear.

• Imaging Studies: In some cases, an MRI or CT scan of the brain may be ordered to rule out other neurological conditions.

• Psychological Evaluation: To assess for anxiety, depression, or PTSD.

Management and Treatment Options for Earthquake-Induced Vertigo

The treatment for "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว" depends on the underlying cause. A multidisciplinary approach, involving medical professionals and therapists, is often the most effective.

• Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy (VRT): This specialized form of physical therapy helps retrain the brain to compensate for inner ear dysfunction. VRT exercises can improve balance, reduce dizziness, and alleviate the symptoms of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว."

• Epley Maneuver: If BPPV is diagnosed, this simple procedure can reposition the otoconia and resolve the vertigo.

• Medications: Anti-vertigo medications, such as meclizine or dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), can help reduce the symptoms of dizziness and nausea. Anti-anxiety medications may be prescribed if anxiety is contributing to the vertigo. However, medication should be used in conjunction with other therapies, not as a standalone solution.

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT can help individuals manage anxiety, PTSD, and other psychological factors contributing to the vertigo. Learning coping mechanisms and relaxation techniques can significantly reduce the severity of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว."

• Lifestyle Modifications:

  • Avoid Triggers: Identify and avoid activities or situations that worsen your vertigo.
  • Stay Hydrated: Dehydration can worsen dizziness.
  • Get Enough Sleep: Fatigue can exacerbate vertigo.
  • Limit Caffeine and Alcohol: These substances can interfere with balance.
  • Practice Relaxation Techniques: Deep breathing, meditation, and yoga can help reduce anxiety and stress.

• Support Groups: Connecting with others who have experienced earthquake-related vertigo can provide emotional support and practical advice. Sharing experiences and coping strategies can be incredibly beneficial for overcoming "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว."

Coping Strategies: Living with the Lingering Effects of the Earthquake

Even with treatment, some individuals may experience lingering symptoms of earthquake-related vertigo. These coping strategies can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life:

• Create a Safe Environment: Remove tripping hazards from your home and use assistive devices, such as canes or walkers, if needed.

• Plan Ahead: If you know you'll be in a situation that might trigger your vertigo, take precautions, such as bringing medication or having someone accompany you.

• Use Visual Anchors: Focus on stable objects to help maintain your balance.

• Move Slowly: Avoid sudden movements that can trigger vertigo.

• Rest When Needed: Take breaks and lie down when you feel dizzy.

• Stay Connected: Maintain social connections and engage in activities you enjoy.

• Seek Professional Help: Don't hesitate to seek help from a therapist or counselor if you're struggling to cope with the psychological effects of the earthquake.

Preventing "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว": Mitigation and Preparedness

While it's impossible to prevent earthquakes, there are steps you can take to minimize the risk of injury and psychological trauma, which can, in turn, reduce the likelihood of developing vertigo.

• Earthquake Preparedness:

  • Secure Your Home: Anchor furniture to walls and secure appliances to prevent them from falling.
  • Create an Emergency Kit: Include essential supplies such as food, water, medication, and a first-aid kit.
  • Develop a Communication Plan: Establish a way to communicate with family members in case of an emergency.
  • Practice Earthquake Drills: Know what to do during an earthquake, such as "drop, cover, and hold on."

• Mental Health Support:

  • Seek Counseling: If you've experienced a traumatic event, seek professional counseling to help you process your emotions.
  • Practice Self-Care: Engage in activities that promote relaxation and well-being, such as exercise, meditation, and spending time with loved ones.
  • Build Resilience: Develop coping mechanisms to manage stress and adversity.

Differentiating "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว" from Other Forms of Dizziness

It's important to distinguish earthquake-related vertigo from other causes of dizziness to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Some common causes of dizziness include:

• Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV): As mentioned earlier, this condition can be triggered by an earthquake, but it's characterized by brief episodes of intense vertigo triggered by specific head movements.

• Meniere's Disease: A disorder of the inner ear that causes episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and a feeling of fullness in the ear.

• Labyrinthitis and Vestibular Neuritis: Infections of the inner ear that cause sudden onset of vertigo, nausea, and vomiting.

• Migraine-Associated Vertigo: Vertigo that occurs with or without a headache.

• Orthostatic Hypotension: A sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up, which can cause lightheadedness and dizziness.

• Anemia: A deficiency of red blood cells, which can lead to fatigue and dizziness.

• Medications: Certain medications can cause dizziness as a side effect.

• Neurological Conditions: In rare cases, dizziness can be a symptom of a more serious neurological condition, such as a stroke or brain tumor.

By understanding the specific characteristics of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว" and differentiating it from other potential causes, healthcare professionals can provide targeted and effective treatment.

Conclusion: Addressing the Unseen Impact of Earthquakes – เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว

Earthquakes have far-reaching consequences, extending beyond physical destruction to impact the mental and physical well-being of those affected. "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว" highlights the importance of recognizing and addressing the less visible effects of seismic events. By understanding the causes, symptoms, and management strategies for earthquake-related vertigo, we can provide support and improve the quality of life for individuals experiencing this debilitating condition. A comprehensive approach that combines medical treatment, vestibular rehabilitation, psychological support, and lifestyle modifications is crucial for helping people overcome the challenges of "เวียนหัวจากแผ่นดินไหว" and rebuild their lives after an earthquake. Continued research and awareness are essential for ensuring that those affected receive the care and attention they need to heal and recover.